Rim je glavni i sa 2.650.000 stanovnika najveći grad Republike Italije. Prema arheološkim istraživanjima prva naselja su otkrivena u 8. vijeku p.n.e. Grad su u 6. vijeku p.n.e. naselili Etrušćani. Razvijao se na sedam brežuljaka: Kapitol (Capitolinus mons), Palacij (Palatium), Aventin (Aventinus), Celij (Caelius mons), Eskvilin (Esquiliae), Viminal (Viminalis collis) i Kvirinal (Quirinalis). Bio je prijestolnica Rimskog carstva, najbogatiji i najveći grad na zapadu. U 1. vijeku postaje centar kršćanstva, od 8. vijeka prijestolnica papinih država, a od 1871. godine je u sastavu Kraljevine Italije. Leži na rijekama Aniene i Tiber, na udaljenosti oko 25 km od Tirenskog mora. Na istoj udaljenosti nalazi se arheološko nalazište Ostia Antica, velika antička rimska luka. Nekada je bila smještena na ušću rijeke Tiber, ali padom nivoa mora i stalnim nanosom mulja danas je udaljena oko 3 km od Tirenskog mora. Na udaljeosti od 35 km smješten je gradić Tivoli, koji je bio ljetnikovac više rimske klase. Najposjećenije znamenitosti su Hadrijanova vila i Villa d’Este, koje se nalaze na UNESCO-ovoj listi svjetske kulturne baštine.
Rome is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Italy with its 2,650,000 inhabitants. Based on the archaeological research, the first discovered settlements date back to the 8th century BC. Then, the city was inhabited by the Etruscans. It was raised on seven hills: Capitoline Hill (Capitolinus mons), Palatine Hill (Palatium), Aventine Hill (Aventinus), Caelian Hill (Caelius mons), Esquiline Hill (Esquiliae), Viminal Hill (Viminalis collis) and Quirinal Hill (Quirinalis). It was the capital of the Roman Empire, the richest and largest city of the West.
In 1st century AD, it became the centre of Christianity, in 8th century AD it became the capital of the Papal States, and in 1871 it became part of the Kingdom of Italy.
It lays on the rivers Aniene and Tiber, 25 kilometres off the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The same distance divides Rome from the archaeological excavation site Ostia Antica, the great Antique Roman Harbour. It used to be located on the delta of the Tiber River, but due to sea level fall and constant mud slicks, it is now around 3 kilometres away from the Tyrrhenian Sea.
The town of Tivoli, the summer holidays location the upper Roman class frequented, is just 35 kilometres away. The most visited sight-seeing places are: Hadrian’s Villa and Villa d’Este, which are on UNESCO’s World Cultural Heritage list.
